Jinamanjari 1999 04 No 19

SR No.: 524019
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Jinamanjari
Publisher: Canada Bramhi Jain Society Publication
Publication Year: 1999
Total Pages: 88
Language: English
Classification: Magazine, Canada_Jinamanjari, & Canada
File Size: 5 MB

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6. Increased through in number through a lower script.25 For example, 65 000 is written as 65 ()
3. The above symbolism is at its supreme in the Karnātaka Vrtti of the Gommațasāra, compiled by Kesava Varņi (c. 13th century C.E.).26
(i) The use of zero as a place value might have preceded or followed the use of other numerals as place values, in order to express a big number, needed in their mathematical philosophy of karma, replacing a cumbersome method. For example, in the Satkhandāgama ! the number of developed human beings is stated as lying between 226 and 227 which is also stated to lie between ((10)7)3 and ((10)7)4 or between Kodākodākodi and Kodākođākodākodi. Singh has already remarked28 how Vīrasenācārya - the author of the Dhavalı - quotes verses representing various styles to express big numbers, apart from the place value with different directional moves. 29
(ii) It is interesting to see how words and numbers were joined to express a number 61, 97, 88, 46, 66, 81, 64, 16, 20, 00, 00, 000 in verse form quoted by Virasenācārya from an earlier ancient work.
(iii) In the Tiloyapannatti (c. 5th century C.E.) the decimal place value notation has been usual as from right to left.30
(iv) In the same text, the denominated time units are developed, stopping for a while at "acalatma" which denotes (84)31 (10)90 years.31 This number has been expressed as (84)/31/90 where 31 stands for the product of 84 to be done 31 times into itself; and 90 stands for zeroes to be placed after the result of the product as place value.
(v) An important application of the place value for subtraction of some desired factors among a set of factors from their product has been used in the Tiloyapannatti,32 the commentaries of the Gommatasāra33 and the Labdhisāra, 54 most frequently for expressing numbers arriving naturally as results in dealing with the systematic karma theory.
Decimal and Notational Places in DVL
The DVL, Books 3 and 4, contain good material on decimal places. The source book CKG contains the following words which signify the decimal places (c. 2nd century C.E.):
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