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S, S, Pokli arna
of the system. Al absolute zero, there is perfect order and hence no quasiparticle is present. As the temperature increases, the number of quasiparticles increases. Thus various properties of these so called quantum mechanical many perticle systems are then explained in terms of these theoretically devised quasipurticles.
(a) Quantum Biology:
Exactly similar ideas have been thought for the biological systems also. Many people have argred that a perfecify ordered state (corresponding to the ground state at absolute zero for the many particle systems) in the biological systems may be a ground state of the big macromolecules vir. D.N.A. and R.N.A. etc. and may be called as consciousness.? A long range order deielops in this quantum ground state of the socalled total electrophysiological system. Then different states of the organism may correspond in dillerent pliases starting from this perfectly ordered plase. Frohlich has then suggested the possibility of single mode excitation of longitudinal electric fields in cell membranes, falling in the microwave region. However this is just a developing field and much remains to be done.
In this situation, we can very much appreciate the doctrine of Karmas which is the most unified description of biclogical systems and very much close to their collective behaviour.
(b) Doctrine of Kar nas :
According to the doctrine of Karmas, every mundar:e soul has an infinite knowledge, infinite intution. infinite bliss and infinite power (Four infinities). But from a beginingless time it has been infected by matter. This matter bas been held responsible for the disorder present in the mundane souls. This form of matter has been termed as Karma. (By karma Jainas do not mean work). The whole universe is full of that kind of matter which can become Karna. Due to the presence of different types or karmas in different quantities, different characteristics are manifested by mundane souls i.e. by different living beings. Thus a perfectly ordered consciousness is analogous to a ground state which is free from any excitations and an excitation then corresponds to a Karma.
At every noment, an empirical self is attracting this matter towards him by his actions through inind and body. This matter which has now become karma then remains latent in the emperical self for some time which is determined by the passions at the time of arrival of new matter. Passions in turn are determined by karmas which are already present.
Karmas have the following four characteristics (A) Nature, (B) Number, (C) Lifetime and (D) Intensity.