Jain Journal 2011 07

SR No.: 520283
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Satyaranjan Banerjee
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication
Publication Year: 2011
Total Pages: 54
Language: English
Classification: Magazine, India_Jain Journal, & India
File Size: 6 MB

Page 20

20
JAIN JOURNAL: VOL-XLVI, NO. 1-IV JULY.-JUNE 11-12
terms of renunciation. There are eleven types of pratimās. The name of the pratimās are given bellow :
1. dārsanika, 2. Vratika, 3. Trikāla sāmāyike pravștta, 4. proșdhopavāse pravịtta, 5. Sacitta parihāra, 6. Divā brahmacarya, 7. sarvathā brahmacarya, 8. Ārambha nivetta, 5. Parigraha nivrtti, 10. Anumata nivrtti, 11. Uddiştāhāra nivrtti. The eleventh pratimā is divided into two classes-those who hold only one piece of cloth, are known by the term kşullaka,' and those who ho don'y kaupina are known as elaka'. A śrāvaka must have eight fold mūlaguņas. Renunciation of honey, meat, alcohal and five kinus if undumbaraphalas (fruits called undumbara) is known as mūla inas.
Another four types of dharmas are prescribed for śrāvakas, such as-dāna, pājā, šīla and upavāsa.
Those who observe all above śrāvaka codes are called śrāvakas. But as said above srāvakas have three categories such as pākṣika, naisthika and sādhaka. Pākṣika is a term that derived from the word pakşa. maitri (amity), kārunya (compassion), pramoda (bliss), mādhyastha (impartiality or balanced) are the qualities by which one abjures every kinds of violence generally occurred through asi (defence services), masi (office jobs), krși (agriculture) and vāņijya (commerce), it is known as pakşa8 according to Jain belief.
One, who has faith his own religion and hence follows the same, is called pākṣika. Here religion means Jain path of spirituality. pākṣikaśrāvakas are known to in the ab initio state of purification and having no I pratimā at all before meeting Lord Mahāvīra Ānanda śrāvaka was a layman. After having met Mahāvīra, he observed twelve fold vows and thus he stepped into the first stage of śrāvaka-hood and became pākṣika.
The second stage is called naişthika. But there is one another stage of śrāvaka-hood in between pākṣika and naisthika, which is known as carya-hood". The śrāvaka who attains this state is called caryā-śrāvaka. A caryā-śrāvaka observes little vows and so attains