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18.
ibid 2/29 commentary
a. Concrete and non concrete: Only matter is concrete and the rest are non concrete.
b. Active and passive: Only jiva and matter are active and the remaining four are passive or supporting in
nature:
c. Sva-dravya (self-same) and para-dravya (others): This classification is seen in spiritual texts only where the soul / ātmā is svadravya and all other living beings and other substances are para-draya. This classification is essential to understand and contemplate on the self for spiritual purification1 d. Astikāya (many space points) and an-astikāya (one space point only): Except time, all other substances
are with many space points and hence are classified as astikāya. Time is with one space point only and not an astikāya. Kala is also called as without any space point. Thus, except time, all other substances are clubbed together and are called pañcāstikāya. The famous text Pañcastikaya of Kundakunda describes these five substances only.
S.no. Name:
Nature
Number Space point Concrete
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Jiva
Knowledge, bliss
Pudgala Touch, taste, colour, smell
Dharma
Supports motion
Adharma
Supports rest
Ākāśa
Provides space
Kāla
Supports change
infinite innumerable No. No.
do Yes
No.
No.
No.
No.
infinite
one
one
one
innumerable
do
do
do
one
Sentient
Yes
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
Active Astikāya
Yes
Yes
No.
No.
No.
No.
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No.
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JAIN JOURNAL : VOL-XLII, NO.3 JANUARY. 200
