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JANUARY, 1977
rituals, etc. Similarly Taranapanthi sect109 of the Digambaras emerged in the fifteenth century A.D. in Madhyapradesa on the basis of anti-image cult like Lonka sect of the Svetambaras. Then there followed the rise of other Digambara sects, viz. Terapanthi110 in the 17th Century A.D., Gumanapanthi,111 Bisapanthi112 and Tolapanthi113 in this modern era of Jaina Sanghas as a result of conflict over the matter of Jaina rituals, ethics, etc. The Svetambara and Digambara Sanghas thus have reached their peak in progress in the course of their evolution.
113
109 Taranasvami was the founder of Taranapanthi sect of the Digambaras on the basis of anti-image cult in the 15th Century. A.D. See Jainism in Rajasthan, p. 92. 110 It was founded by Amarcand Badjatya, a resident of Sanganer in Rajasthan. This Terapanthi sect accepts only thirteen items of the idol-worship out of the large number of items of long ritualism of the Bhattarakas. See JSAI, p. 367, vide Bhattaraka Sampradaya, p. 92.
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To be continued
111 Gumanapanthi sect was formed by Gumanarama, the son of Pandit Todarmal of Jaipur in the eighteenth century A.D. after his own name. See Jainism in Rajasthan. 11 The Bisapanthi sect accepts twenty items of image worship instead of thirteen of
the Terapanthi sect. It flourished in Rajasthan. See Jainism in Rajasthan.
11 As a result of synthesis of the concepts of worship of the Terapanthi and Bisapanthi sects a new sect emerged with the name Tolapanthi. See Jainism in Rajasthan, p. 92.
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