________________
APRIL, 1974
line of patriarchs is quite distinct from that of their rivals, except that they agree in the names of the first patriarch, Jambu, and the 6th, Bhadrabahu, who according to the Digambaras, emigrated at the head of the true monks towards the South. From Bhadrabahu dates the gradual loss of their sacred literature, as stated above. The inscriptions furnish ample materials for a necessarily incomplete history of their ancient schools (gaṇas); but they do not quite agree in all details with the more modern tradition of the pattavalis. According to the latter, the main church (mula-sangha) divided into four ganas, Nandi, Sena, Simha, and Deva, about the end of the 1st cent. A.D.
Literature-Some of the more important works and treatises have been cited in the art. ; a full bibliography has been given by A. Guerinot, Essai de bibliographie Jaina, Paris, 1907, to which the reader is referred for all questions of detail. Of new monographs on the subject (besides the old one by G. Buehler, Uber die indische secte der Jainas, Vienna, 1887, tr. J. Burgess, London, 1903) the following will be found useful. Margaret Stevenson, Notes on Modern Jainism, Oxford, 1910; Herbert Warren, Jainism, in Western Garb, as a Solution to Life's great Problems, Madras, 1912; H. L. Jhaveri, The First Principles of the Jain Philosophy, London, 1910. For translations of some of the principal texts, see H. Jacobi, 'Jaina Sutras', SBE, xxii, xlv (1884, 1895).
from The Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics, Vol. VII, pp. 465-474.
233
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
