Paninian Studies

SR No.: 269545
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: G Cardona
Publisher: G Cardona
Total Pages: 36
Language: English
Classification: Article
File Size: 5 MB

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G. Cardona : Påņinian studies
Astădhyāyi 1.1.57: 377: rydfat (PIAGIERT: 56) provides that the substitute for a vowel replaced in a right context has the status of its substituend with respect to an operation relative to an element that precedes the original vowel. In the second vārttika on this sūtra, it is suggested that a special provision must be made to forbid ar operation that is conditioned by a replacement for a vowel in a right context.32 For example, the -u- of vayu-os'winds' (gen. -loc. du) is replaced by -v- before the vowel of the dual that follows." There is also a rule whereby v, y are deleted before a consonant other than y. Kátyāyanas argument here is that, although the extension rule 1.1.57 lets a substitute such as the -v- of våyu-os have the status of the original vowel, it does not also deny this semivowel its actual status, so that this could indeed condtition the deletion of the preceding -y- undersiredly producing forms like 'vāvoḥ instead vāyvoń. The suggestion is then made that the desired results are established if one provides that a vowel replacement which is conditioned by a right context (ajadeśaḥ paranimittakaḥ) is suspended (asiddhaḥ) with respect to an operation on what precedes.3s Clearly, vayvos is an instance where suspension is supposed to prevent what would be conditioned by a replacement.36 Equally clearly, Katyāyana and Patanjali make a sharp, well defined distinction between an extension rule, whereby a property of an original element is extended to a replacement for that element, and a suspension.
3.4. Consider now another sūtra that provides for suspension. Astādhyāyi 5.4.22: 35R1696 HTC whereby whatever results from applying a sütra of the section begining with this rule and extending through the section headed by 6.4.129: HRT is tcated as suspended 37 with respect to any other operation provided by a sūtra of this group, provided the operations in question have the same conditioning element.
Three examples will suffice to illlustrate the procedure. śādhi, the second - singular imperative of śas instruct, command' is derived from śās-hi,38 and the third-plural imperfects asan 'they were' ayan 'they went' derive from as-ant, i-ant." Given śás-hi, two operations are to be consdiered: The ending hi conditions the replacement of śās by sa (6.4.35. STT E (STRA: 34)); hi is replaced by dhi after hu 'offer oblations' and verbs that end in non-nasal stops or spirants (6.4.101: CHATT STEF:) Similarly, pairs of operations are to be considered for as-ant, i-ant. a of the stem as -is subject to deletion (6.4.111 TRA14:1); and the stem iis subject to replacement by y before the vowel of an ending (6.4.81: JUTT JATI). In addition, since the forms in question have an ending that derives from the L-assix lan (see note 39), the stems are subject to receiving an initial augment: Before endings that derive from lur, lan, Iță, consonant-initial stems are augmented with high pitched á (ad udattah), vowel -intitial stems (ajādinām), with a (at)6.4.71-72:
FG TEETGGIT: 316UTCH I In each instance, one of the operations is nitya (see note 17) with respect to the other, so that it takes precedence. Thus,if the ending of śās-hi'is first replaced by dhi, the preceding stem is still subject to replacement by śa, since the substitute is given the status of the original element. 40 On the other hand, once śa substitutes for śās, the replacement of hi by dhi can no longer apply: This is conditioned by a sound, so that Aştadhyāyt 1.1.56 (see note 40) does not give śå the status of the original śas with respect to this operation. Similarly, whether or not the augment át is added to the stems of as-ant, i-ant, as- is subject to having its vowel dropped, and semivowel replacement applies to i, but once these operations take effect, the stems no longer begin with a vowel, so that åt cannot be added. Hence suspension is brought
amples will suffice to illustratchishi8 and the third-plural operations are to be