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canonical texts. The only instance I have been able to trace is late, namely Oha-Nijjutti 138a: thuimangalam āmantana. Another point to be mentioned here is the absence of references to the pamcanamokkāra formula in the disciplinary or dogmatic parts of the canon (see ROTH 1974).
Chapter 35: Chapter 35 is an exposition on the behaviour of the ideal monk. Verse 20/1451 provides some kind of conclusion:
nijjūhiūņa āhāram kāladhamme uvatthie caiūņa mānusam bomdim pahū dukkhā vimuccai.
Rejecting food when the time of death arrives, and leaving the human body, he becomes his own master, and is liberated from misery. (Translation JACOBI 1895: 205-206)
It should be noted that the verb nijjūha- "to reject”18 is otherwise attested only in late texts. 19 See Vavahāra 2.6: parihārakappatthiyam bhikkhum ... no kappai tassa gaņāvaccheiyassa nijjūhittae, "Quant au religieux en état d'isolement ... son coadjuteur n'a pas le droit de le laisser sans soins" (CAILLAT 1966: 60); Kalpasūtra 2. 23 sāgāriyassa amsiyão... (a)nijjūdhāo, “Sind die Einzelgaben eines Herbergers ... nicht verteilt" (SCHUBRING 1905: 51), 4.25: se nijjūhiyavve siyā, "so ist er aus dem Gana auszuschliessen" (SCHUBRING 1905: 56). Furthermore, the verb is found in the nijjuttis and the nijjutti-bhāsya. E.g. Pinda-Nijjutti 661:
chahim käranehim sāhū āhārento vi āyarai dhammam chahim c'eva kāranehim nijjūhinto vi āyarai
A monk conforms to the (rules of the) dharma if he eats for six reasons, and he conforms (to them) also if he renounces (food) for six reasons. (Translation ALSDORF 1966: 195);
18
19
To be distinguished from nijjūha- "to subject to the analytic process of nijjutti". See, e.g., Dasaveyāliya-Nijjutti 12 (nijjūdham), 14 (nijjūhagam) and 15 (nijjūhiyā). The relationship between this verb and the words nijjūha and nijjūdhaa in Nāyādhammakahāo and Panhāvagaraņāim is not clear. See Nāyādhammakahão 1.1.9 (p. 8, 1. 5) = Paṇhāvagaraņāim 1.1.18 (p. 642, 1. 13): nijjūhamtara ... (commentary: niryūhakam dvārapārsvavinirgatadāru antaram staraviseșa eva 'pāniyāntaram' iti sutradhārair yad vyapadiśyate, niryūhakadvayasya yānyantarāni tāni vā niryūhakāntarāni.) and 1.1.28 (p. 62, 1. 7): ciranijjūdhae (commentary: nijjūdhe tti nirdvāri(ti ?)tah).