________________ Verse 26 through the transformations and modifications of substances. Real time (niscaya kala), however, is the cause of imperceptible, minute changes (called vartana) that go on incessantly in all substances. That which neither originates nor vanishes with the origination or destruction of the mode, i.e., the 'samaya', is the kalanu, the substance of time (kala dravya). The mode that is the 'samaya' is transient, the kalanu or the substance of time (kala dravya) is eternal. Acarya Nemicandra's Dravyasamgraha: लोयायासपदेसे इक्किक्के जे छिया हु इक्किक्का / रयणाणं रासी इव ते कालाणू असंखदव्वाणि // 22 // जो लोकाकाश के एक-एक प्रदेश पर रत्नों की राशि के समान परस्पर भिन्न होकर एक-एक स्थित हैं, वे कालाणु हैं; और वे कालाणु असंख्यात हैं। Real time (niscaya kala) is of the extent of space-points of the universe, pervading the entire universe. Each particle or unit of the real time is distinct and occupies one unit of space; these innumerable particles of the real time, thus, exist in the entire universe (lokakasa), like heap of jewels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
