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four classes of persons, monks, nuns, laybrothers and lay sisters; the Buddhist had only two classes, monks and nuns. Though the Buddhist monastic order like all mo. nastic orders, depended for its maintenance mainly on the secular part of the community, the treatment it gave to its lay-suppor. tors was quite different from what Jainism gave to its lay-adherents. We shall give the different policy observed by the two orders towards their lay-adherents in Dr. Hoernle's own words. "With the Buddhists they had no part and parcel in the monastic organisation. They were not formally admitted into com - munion with the order; they had not to take any vows; there were no rules to regulate their position or conduct, no regular devotional services were held for them, neither was there any formal exclusion of any unworthy lay person, in fact the position of the lay-adherents was ᏚᏅ loose and informal that a lay adherent of the Buddhistic order, might at the same
Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat
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