________________
99
earth, water, fire and air-recognised by it are considered as “ modified compounds of homogeneous atoms.''All substances(Drávya) are divided into two main classes animate (Jiva ) and inanimate ( Ajiva ); the animate substances being Jiva endued with body formed by one or more of the four elements, singly or in various combinations. Ajiva comprehends all that is not a living soul; that is the whole of inanimate and unsontient substance, Ajiva is of five kindsPudgala (matter); Kala (time); Dharma (right conduct or merit); Adharma (unrighteousness or wrong conduct or demerit); and Akasa (space). Akasa is of two kinds, Loka and Aloka (void). We may observe here that the word Ajiva is often used in a restricted sense for Pudgala. About Dharma and Adharma, it is important to remombeir that they are considered as Dravyas (substances) and not as Gunas (qualities), as in Vaiseshika philosophy. These confused ideas of Dravyas and Gunas tend to point Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com
