Jaina Gazette 1928

SR No.: 034890
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Ajitprasad, C S Mallinath
Publisher: Jaina Gazettee Office
Publication Year: 1928
Total Pages: 502
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 33 MB

Page 92

JIVA
183
nothing like the miseries and pains of the hellish beings. On account of vicious acts, done in their previous incarnations. they become denizens of the hells and suffer untold and unbearable pains for a very long time. In some of the hells, there are Devils who excite the Narakas one against the other; these unfortunate infernal beings constantly fight against and smite one another and thus enhance their own pains.
The Manushyas or human souls are divided into two classes viz., the Aryas and the Mlechchhas. The Aryas are born in that part of the world which is called the Arya-khanda. The Sakas, the Bhilas etc., although they are found in Arya-khanda are Mlechchhas. These inhabit the Mlechchha-khanda and the Antar-dvipas (inner islands') of the universe. The people who are born in sacred places e.g. Kasi etc., are Kshetrarya i.e., Aryas, on account of the Place. Those who come of such noble families as Ikshvaku etc., are Jatyarya i.e., Aryas by Birth. The Aryas who earn their livelihood by trade etc., are called Savadya-karmarya i e., Aryas whose acts are not pure. Those again who are house-holders and believers as well with a partial self-control, are Alpa-savadya-karmarya i.e., Aryas whose acts are slightly impure. The Aryas who are pious persons with perfect self-control are called Asavadya-karmarya i.e.. Aryas whose acts are never impure. The holy persons who practise Right Conduct and are on the way to final Emancipation, Moksha,-are Charitrarya i.e., Aryas by Conduct. He who is possessed of Right Faith is Darsanarya i.e., an Arya by Faith. Besides, people who have a highly developed Buddhi, Kriya, Tapas, Bala, Aushadha, Rasa, Khetra and Vikriya are also Aryas.
All animals other than the human beings, who are found in the world, are called Tiryak or lower animals. These sub-human souls are variously subdivided into One-sensed Beings etc., which will be described hereafter.
The Jiva of Five Kinds.
The philosophers of the Jaina school point out five Bhavas or conditions of the Soul. These are technically called the Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat