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HIGHER EDUCATION
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various parts, so that Time which effects changes in Pudgalas and Souls must consequently be many in number.
The Jaina theory of Time may thus be summarised. Time is a real substance (being the accompanying cause of change in other substances). It is either Vyavahara Kala, Empirical Time, consisting in minutes, hours and other ordinary measures of Time, or Dravya Kala, which although it appears as 'a heap of jewels,' consists really of indefinitely many Kalanus or Time-units. Kala is a Niskriya substance and has no Pradesas or rather only one Pradesa.
HIGHER EDUCATION.
BY
Hem Chandra Rai, M.A., M.R.A.S., F.R.E.S. THE dark gloom of ignorance is stunting the growth of our
1 community to a fearful extent all round. Little do we know of the mighty political and economic forces, and the world-currents of bitter antagonism which are fast scrapping old lifeless forms useless customs and relics and unhealthy organisms. In the world of to-day every sensible nation and community is busily re-adjusting its standards of fife and thought in order to cope with the present and provide for the future. But the inertia which prevails among our community would lead one to imagine that we had forsaken further interest in human existence. This weird attitude could hardly be based on metaphysical considerations ! What it appears to be due to, is sheer lack of education among the masses. As matters stand the large majority of Jains are content with the rudimentary teaching of vernacular Pathsalas and schools, dotted all over the country. Higher education is distinctly unpopular. According to the mentality of the average Jain, College education is either unnecessary or positively harmful. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat
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