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Tattvarthasūtra
The four classes (nikaya) of deva, up to the kalpavāsī deva, are of ten, eight, five and twelve subclasses.
Ten, etc., are taken along with the four classes (nikāya), respectively. The residential (bhavanavāsī) deva are of ten subclasses. The peripatetic (vyantara) deva are of eight subclasses. The stellar Gjyotiska) deva are of five subclasses. The heavenly (vaimānika) deva are of twelve subclasses. This would imply that all heavenly (vaimānika) deva have twelve subclasses. In order to exclude the heavenly (vaimānika) deva in the nine graiveyaka, etc., the sūtra uses the word 'kalpopapannaparyantaḥ'- 'up to the end of the kalpa'. Now what are the 'kalpa"? Those in which the ten grades like the 'indra' prevail are called the 'kalpa'. Thus, the prevalence of 'indra', etc., forms the basis for the designation 'kalpa'. Though 'indra', etc., are prevalent among the residential (bhavanavāsī) deva too, by convention, kalpa' is used for heavenly (vaimānika) deva. Those born in the 'kalpa' are 'kalpopapanna' deva.
The next sūtra is intended to convey the detailed particulars.
इन्द्रसामानिकत्रायस्त्रिंशपारिषदात्मरक्षलोकपालानीकप्रकीर्णकाभियोग्यकिल्विषिकाश्चैकशः ॥ ४ ॥
इन्द्र,
ऊपर कहे हुए चार प्रकार के देवों में हर एक के दस भेद हैं सामानिक, त्रायस्त्रिंश, पारिषद, आत्मरक्ष, लोकपाल, अनीक, प्रकीर्णक, आभियोग्य और किल्विषिक ।
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There are ten grades in each of these classes of celestial beings, the lord (indra), the equals (sāmānika), the ministers (trāyastrimśa), the courtiers (pāriṣada), the
