________________
EPIGRAPHIA INDICA.
[Vol. XXV.
sub-divisions which are large enough to be so apportioned. For instance the district of Milalaikurram had no separate sub-divisions : in the place of the latter, we have Kil-kurru, Naduvirkūrru and Mēl-kürru, i.e., the eastern, middle and western portiona. Similarly, the sub-division Sembi-nadu had Vadatalai-Sømbi-nadu, Kil-Sembi-nadu, etc., ie, the northern and eastern portions of Sembinādu. Districts are sometimes omitted in insoriptions and villages are mentioned with the sub-divisions to which they belonged. From the fact that the geographical items Mādakkuļakkil, Rajendrasingankulakkil, etc., immediately follow a valanādu or district and are followed in turn by villages, they have to be treated as sub-divisions. It will not be right to take the terms ending in " kulakki!" to mean "to the east of any particular tank". In these items the particle bil does not mean east' as opposed to mel ''west' but stands for under or in ". Hence we have inserted the four items ending in kulakkil as sub-divisions and assigned them their places under the districts to which they belonged. In this connection, it is worthy of note that we have not come across even a single instance where a village is stated to be situated to the west, north or south of Madakkulam, Rājēndrasingankulam, eto.
Of the other sub-divisions mentioned in the plates, Vadatalai-Sombi-nidu in which Aykkudi alicu Alagiyapāndiyanallür was situated, is seen from other inscriptions to have had the villages Iyamanisvaram. Mēlai-Kodumaļūre or Kodumaļür alias Uttamapandiyanallur, KilaiKodumaļūr8 alias Madurõdayanallur, Māvilangai, Nallūrkuruchchi, Perungirinallur and Deyvachchilainallur otherwise called Pannankulam. Except Iyamanisvaram (Emanīśvaram) which is in the Paramakudi Taluk, the rest are found in the Mudukuļattür Taluk of the Râmnād District. The name of the division shows that Sembi-nadu had other divisions. In fact, inscriptions refer to Kil-Sembi-nadu in which were the villages Anaikudi, Kalari alias Kaidavanallur?. Kadambangudi," Nallankudi, Maruvay aliat Srivallabhanaltür, Pavittiramäņikkapattinam. Nallirukkai alias Virapandiyanallür,' Tiruppallani and Sembiyan-Pērämbür ; ' Sridēkam which had in it Tiru-Uttarakösamangai, as other divisions of Sembi-nädu. Most of these villages are in the Rämnad Taluk.
Kalayali-aadu was divided into two parts North and South. In Vada-Kalavali-nadu were Alagaimanagar, Ködaipirātřinallūr, 10 Kunrattūril and Purkuli. Ten-Kalavali-nade had in it Mudikondapāndiyapuram and Pullūrria alias Srivallabbanallür. That Kadamban. gudi was a village in Kaļavali-nadu and bore the name Matayarāyanköttai is learnt from two inscriptions. Ārālaiyūr was another village in the same division.
18.1.1., Vol. VIII, No. 395. * Madras Epigraphical Collection, Nos. 999 of 1907 and 531 of 1826. * 8.1. 1., Vol. v, Nos. 440 and 441 ; and Nos. 460 of Madras Epigraphical Collection for 1909 and 304 of 1929. • No. 392 of the Madras Epigraphical Collection for 1914. 68. I. I., Vol. V, No. 301, • Ibid., Vol. VIII, No. 399.
Toid., No. 398. # Ibid., No. 402. . Madras Epigraphioal Collection, No. 283 of 1923, No. 5 of 1924 and No. 276 of 1929-80. 1. No, 316 of the same collection for 1923. 11 Nos. 11, 23, 27 of the same for 1924. 19 No. 291 of the same for 1923 and No. 18 of 1924. 1 No. 47 of the same for 1926. u No. 229 of the same for 1924. 16 Nos. 1 and 3 of the same for 1924. 10 No. 306 of the sanie colloction for 1922,