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No. 8.]
the Royal Seal), Antarangabṛihaduparika (chief privy-councillor), Mahakshapaṭalika (keeper of records), Mahapratihära (chief warder), Mahabhōgika (chief groom), Mahavyuhapati (chief master of military arrays), Mahapilupati (chief elephant-keeper), Mahaganastha (commander of a gana squadron), Daussädhika (porter, or superintendent of villages), Chauröddharanika (police officer who has to deal with thieves), inspectors of the fleet, the elephants, horses, cows, buffaloes, goats, sheep, etc., Gaulmikas (commander of a gulma squadron), Dandapäsikas (executioners, or police officers), Dandanayakas (magistrates), district officers (vishayapati) and other dependants of the king mentioned in the list of adhyakshas but not specially mentioned here, those of the kind of Chaṭṭas and Bhaṭṭus, the citizens and the cultivators, the Brahmanas and Brahmana elders,
BELAVA COPPER-PLATE OF BHOJAVARMADEVA.
(Ll. 27 f.) in the village named Upyalika, in the Kausambi-Ashṭagachchha-khandala belonging to the Adhaḥpattana-mandala of the illustrious Pauṇḍra-bhukti, on the plot of land which, with betel-nut trees, etc. contains one paṭaka exceeded by nine and a quarter drona.
(L. 37-41.) Be it known to you, that the above-mentioned plot of land, circumscribed within its own boundaries, including grass, filthy-water, and pasture-grounds, with bottom and surface, with mango and jack-fruit trees, with betel-nut and cocoanut trees, with saline soil, with earth and water, with pits and barren tracts, with respect to which the ten offences (of the donee) should be tolerated (by the king), exempt from all oppression, not to be entered by Chatas and Bhatas, free from all sorts of taxes, with all rajabhöga, kara and hiranya tributes.
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(L. 41-49.) has been granted by us in the name of the Lord Vasudeva-Bhaṭṭaraka; for the increase of merit and fame of my parents and myself, on an auspicious day after having touched water according to ceremony, and getting the record engraved in a copper-plate (imprinted) with the seal of Vishnu's wheel, in accordance with the maxim of bhumichchhidra, (to last) as long as the moon and the sun (exist) and the earth endures,-to Ramadevasarman, in charge of the sanctuary, of the Savarna gōtra, whose pravaras were Bhriga, Chyavana, Apnavana, Aurvva and Jamadagni, of the Vajasaneya charana, a student of the Kanva branch of the Yajurvēda, the son of Visvarupadovaéarman, grand-son of Jagannathadevaśarman and great-grand-son of Pitambaradevaśarman who was an inhabitant of the village of Siddhala in North Radha, and who came from Madhyadēsa.
(L. 49-51.) There are verses also enjoining religious usages:-" He who takes away land given by himself or by another, rots (in hell) in the state of worms in human excreta, with the pitris.
(L. 51.) In the fifth year of the reign of His Majesty, king Bhōjavarmadeva, on the 14th day of Śravana. Signed (i.e., by the king). After this, signed by the mahakshapaṭalika (i.., the Record-keeper).
1 I am indebted to Mr. Maitreya for the following note on antaranga:-"Although the word antarangaḥ may be used in the sense of atmiyah, it appears to have been used in the inscription in a technical sense to signify the royal physician, cf. Śivadasa's commentary on the Chakradatta (Calcutta Edition),-Vidya-kula-sampannōhi bhishag-antaranga ity-uchyate. In explaining the word antarangät, Śivadasa says,-labdh-antaranga.
padarikat."
A gana squadron consists of 27 elephants, 27 chariots, 81 horses and 135 foot soldiers; a gulma-squadron of 9 elephants, 9 chariots, 27 horses and 45 foot soldiers.
Vide Kaufiliya Artha-fastra-second adhikaranika on Adhyaksha-prachara,
The bhakti is a larger unit than the mandala, of which again the khandala forms part.
Piti filthy water-Vide V. S. Apte's dictionary, p. 715. [But pati is also a kind of grass.-S. K.] Sa-lavana shows that the land was probably situated in a district washed by the sea-water. Vide Kaufiliya Artha-Sastra, Adhikarana II. Chap. II, Prakarana 20. Säntyägära the house where to bathe with the propitiatory water after a sacrifice.
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