Indian Antiquary Vol 41

SR No.: 032533
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Richard Carnac Temple, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarkar
Publisher: Swati Publications
Publication Year: 1984
Total Pages: 320
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 39 MB

Page 231

OCTOBER, 19:2.) BRAHMAN IMMIGRATION INTO SOUTHERN INDIA
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manima kutam (the jewelled crown of his family).' while the latter inscriptions styling him Kulottungschola describe his crown as 'punitarulirum animakutam (the pure royal crown of jewels),' and hence must imply another coronation. This confirms the statement that Rajendrachôla II, afterwards Kulottunga I, was crowned twice, first in A. D. 1070 as ruler of his paternal dominions of Vêngi and secondly in A. D. 1074 as emperor of the Chola country. I have already stated that Rajendrachola II was not only in possession of Vengi but of a portion of the Tamil country also. 1, therefore, take the words " (He) gently raised, withont wearying (her) in the least, the lotuslike goddess of the earth residing in the region of the rising sun," to mean the Vêngi country and a part of the Chola country. If this were the description of his conquest of Kadaram, I see no reason why it shonld not be mentioned in even one of his later inscriptions together with the conquest of Chakrakottam and Vayirâgaram. The conquest in the battle of Chakrakottam and the capture of elephants at Vayirâgaram are said to bave taken place when he was still Ilangô or Yuvaraja, only in the inscriptions of the fifth and following years of Kulottungachola I's reign°1 and Kalingattupparani. The latter work mentions his capture of elephants without referring to Vayirâgaram. If the said battles were fought before his coronation in A. D. 1070 these ought to have been stated as deeds during his Ilangôpparuvam or heir-apparentship even in the inscriptions of his second, third and fourth years. It seems, therefore, that after attaining supreme power in A. D. 1075 his rule over the eastern country as a fendatory to the Cholas was treated by him as his period of heir-apparentship to the Chola throne.
Mr. V. A. Smith's Early History of India has the following account of Kulottunga I's reign: "Kulottunga, otherwise called Rajendrachola II, the son of the daughter of Rajendra I, Gangaikonda, ruled for forty-nine years, from 1070 to 1118. There is some obscurity concerning the nanner in which he attained supreme power.......... The celebrated philosopher Ramanuja, the most venerated teacher of the Vaishnava Hindus in the South, received his education at Kâñchi and resided at Srirangam near Trichinopoly during the reign of Kulottuúga: but owing to the hostility of the king, who professed the Saiva faith, was obliged to retire into Mysore territory until Kulottunga's death freed him from his anxiety.' *93 In the light of my previous remarks this has to be revised. Kulottunga, the grandson of the Chola king Rajendra I, ascended the Chola throne by right and not by usurpation, and there is no obscurity concerning the manner in which he attained kingly power as Mr. V. A. Smith thinks.
BRAHMAN IMMIGRATION INTO SOUTHERN INDIA. BY A. GOVINDACHARYA SVAMIN, O.E., M.R.A.S., M.R.S.A., M.M.S.; MYSORE. The word 'immigration has here been purposely used by me; for until comparatively recently no settlements on a large scale were made in the south by the northern Aryans, as a result of pre-meditated and well-concerted action on the part of a whole class or tribe, directed by the efforts of the king. The Aryan tribes seemed to have at first pressed forward from north-west to south-east, urged by natural causes over which they had no control and against which they could make no stand until they reached the plains of Hindustan where they seemed to have found a peaceful settlement for a long period of time. But soon the impulse to go farther came upon them, due to various canses, and as there was no longer any ground on the south-eastern side they seemed to have bent their steps westward and southward, overrunning Central India and Southern India. The militant polity adapted to constant warfare and constant pressing forward until the extreme south-east limit of their line of march into India from the north-west was reached, is well reflected in the hymns of the Rig-Veda. The peaceful establishment and consolidation of states in
$2 Kalingattupparani, X, 28 and 24.
91 South Ind. Ins., Vol. III, p. 142. 99 Early History of India, 2nd edition, p. 422.
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