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History of Jainism with Special Reference to Mathura
Munisuvrata - the twentieth tirthamkara
Munisuvrata, the twentieth tīrthamkara, was born at Rājagrha.354 According to the Jaina tradition, Munisuvrata was a contemporary of Rāma Dāśarathī.355 His father Sumitra356, who belonged to the Harivaṁsa dynasty of the ksatriyas357, was the king of Rājagrha, and his mother's name was Padmāvatī.358 According to the Jaina tradition, Munisuvrata descended for incarnation from the heaven Aparājitadevaloka.359 He renounced the throne after a long period of kingship and took to asceticism. He became a kevalin under a campaka tree 360 at Rājagrha after undergoing hard penance for eleven months.361
According to the Jaina tradition, his height was 20 poles and he lived for 30,000 common years.362 His complexion has been mentioned as black.363 His first ganadhara and āryā were Malli and Puspavati respectively.364 He attained moksa in the kāyotsarga posture 365 on Samet Sikhara.366
Naminātha - the twenty-first tīrthamkara
Naminātha, the twenty-first tīrthamkara, also called Nimi or Nimeśvara, 367
354. JAA, I, p. 16; OISJ, pp. 66-70; TSPC, IV, pp. 79-80. 355. JPV, p. 114; JOLR, p. 28; JAA, I, Editorial, p. 7. 356. Ibid., p. 114; OISJ, pp. 66-70; TSPC, IV, pp. 79-80. 357. TSPC, IV, pp. 79-80; OISJ, p. 65. 358. JPV, p. 114; TSPC, IV, pp. 79-80. 359. OISJ, pp. 66-70. 360. Ibid., pp. 66-70; JPV, p. 114. 361. JPV, p. 114. 362. OISJ, pp. 66-70. 363. ERE, VII, p. 466. 364. OISJ, pp. 66-71. 365. Ibid., p. 66. 366. Ibid.; JAA, I, p. 16. 367. Ibid., p. 71.
