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History of Jainism with Special Reference to Mathurā
Abhinandananātha - the fourth tirthamkara
Abhinandananātha, the fourth tīrthamkara, was born at Ayodhya. 139 His father Samvara was the king of Ayodhya and his mother's name was Siddhārathā.140 According the Jaina tradition, Abhinandananātha descended for incarnation from the heaven Jayantavimāna. 141 He lived a happy married life and ruled like a noble king. 142 Subsequently, he renounced the throne and took to asceticism.143 He became a kevalin under a śāla tree144 at Ayodhya after hard penance.145
According to the Jaina tradition, his height was 350 poles and he lived for 5,000,000 pūrva years.146 His complexion has been described as golden.147 His first gañadhara and āryā were Vajranābha and Ajitā respectively. 148 He attained moksa in the kāyotsarga posture149 on Pārsvanātha hill. 150
Sumatinātha — the fifth tīrthaṁkara
Sumatinātha, the fifth tīrthamkara, was born at Ayodhya 151 His father Megha was the king of Ayodhya and his mother's name was Mangalā. 152 According to the Jaina tradition, Sumati descended for incarnation from the
139. TSPC, II, pp. 255-7; JI, p. 56; HGAI, p. 67. 140. Ibid., pp. 255-6; JPV, p. 98. 141. OISJ, pp. 66-7. 142. TSPC, II, p. 261. 143. Ibid., pp. 262-3. 144 JPV, p. 98. 145. Ibid. 146. OISJ, pp. 66-7. 147. Ibid.; ERE, VII, p. 466; JAA, I, p. 14. 148. Ibid., pp. 66-7. 149. Ibid., p. 66. 150. Ibid.; TSPC, II, pp. 266-7. 151. TSPC, II, p. 277; HGAI, p. 67. 152. Ibid., pp. 277-81; JI, p. 58; JPV, p. 99.
