Critical Study Of Paumacariyam

SR No.: 022643
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: K R Chandra
Publisher: Research Institute of Prakrit Jainology and Ahimsa
Publication Year: 1970
Total Pages: 672
Language: English, Sanskrit
Classification: Book_English & Book_Devnagari
File Size: 18 MB

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A CRITICAL STUDY OF PAUMACARIYAM
lokada yaka viśrama'),1 Lakṣmaṇa on account of his being a repository of multifold qualities (lacchana dhama2), Bharata as he is the maintainer of the world (bisva bharana poșana kana joī) and Satrughna as such for the recitation of his name is enough for annihilating the enemies (jāke sumarinate ripu nāsā). As regards the complexion of Rama and Lakṣmaṇa, the date of birth of the former and their seniority, the TR agrees with the VR. Rāma is described as 'syama' (1.198.3), 'Nilakañja bārida gambhira (1.199) and Lakṣmaṇa as 'gaura' (1.198.3), 'dāminī barana Lakhana' (2.115.4). Śatrughna is called younger than Lakṣmaṇa (2.164), Lakṣmaṇa younger than Bharata (2.200) and Bharata younger than Rāma (2.194).
The Raghuvamsa agrees with the VR and states that Rama was named so on account of his charming body (abhirameņa vapușă 10.67). In the Padmapurana, Rama is named as such for his 'tribhuvanābhirămataya', Lakṣmaṇa because of his 'rupaśauryadilakṣmiyogyatayā',
Bharata on account of his 'bhuvam bhārāttāryatīti' and Satrughna because of his 'Satrūnhantiti'. The Adh. Răm. agrees with the Padmaburana, but Lakṣmaņa is said to be named so for his 'lakṣaṇānvitam' just as mentioned in the TR and PCV.
As regards the seniority of Bharata and Lakṣmaṇa there is no agreement in the Brahmanical works. At one place even in the Southern recension of VR, Lakṣmaṇa seems to be elder than Bharata for the latter salutes the former with reverence (6.127.41). The Gauḍīya version of VR mentions Bharata as a younger brother of Laksmana. In the Pratima Nataka Bharata addresses Lakṣmaṇa with reverence and salutes him. Sumantra clearly calls Bharata as an 'anuja' of Lakṣmaṇa. In the Purāņas the order in which they are mentioned shows that Lakṣmaṇa is elder than Bharata.
In the Dasaratha Jataka Bharata is younger that Laksmana. It does not mention any fourth son of Dasaratha.
According to the Dasaratha Kathānam, Bharata and Śatrughna are born of the third and the fourth queen of Dasaratha. In the Serī Rāma Bharata and Satrughna are uterine brothers (Bulcke, p.280).
1. In the VR lokarama is the adjective of Rima 1.18.29.
2. Compare with the 'lakhanesu uvaveo, of the PCV (25.11).
3. Patalakhaṇḍa. Ch. 112,
4. But the Tilaka commentary explains that Bharata is elder.
5. Bulcke. p,280.
6. IV. 9f.
7. Visnu. Pu, 4.4.87, Bhagavata Pu, 9.1.9; Padma Pu, Pätāla. ch. 112.