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liberated. It itself accepts the fruits of bondage and liberation. Bondage, liberation and their fruits have their respective causes.
Bondage and its causes and fruits:
The material karmic atoms are attracted towards the soul through its mental, vocal and bodily activities; then they get stuck to it due to the unctuousness of passions as the dust particles get stuck to the wet leather when brought there by air. There takes place interpenetration of the karmic material atoms and the units of soul like the interpenetration of milk and water in a mixture of the two. This is called bondage.
That the karmic material atoms received by the soul undergo transformation of karma means that at that time four characteristics are produced in them, the four characteristics being nature, duration, intensity and quantity. It is these characteristics that constitute the types of bondage. Thus the types of bondage are four, viz. bondage in respect of nature (prakṛtibandha), bondage in respect of duration (sthitibandha), bondage in respect of intensity (anubhavabandha or rasabandha) and bondage in respect of quantity (pradeśabandha). The nature of the material karmic atoms the nature to cover knowledge, the nature to cover vision, the nature to cause the experience of pleasure or pain, etc. is generated in them in accordance with the nature of the activity undertaken by the soul. For instance, an act of destroying books, despising the learned, etc., generates the knowledge-covering nature in the karmic atoms bound on account of this act. Thus, the nature of activity determines the nature of karmic atoms inflowed into and bound with the soul as a result of this activity. As already stated, along with the generation of nature-characteristic in the material karmic atoms, the duration-characteristic is also generated in those very karmic atoms as soon as they are bound with the soul. That is, a limitation as to time-period up to which the karmic atoms in question obstruct the concerned quality of the soul is produced in those atoms as soon as they are bound. Again, along with a naturecharacteristic there is produced in the karmic atoms the effect-intensity characteristic. In other words, as soon as the karmic atoms are bound, there is generated in them certain speciality on account of which their effect experienced by the concerned soul will have specific intensity strong, moderate or mild, Moreover, all the material karmic atoms that are being received by the soul get transformed into diverse natures and hence naturally undergo corresponding
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