Comprehensive Critical Dictionary of Prakrit Languages Volum 01

SR No.: 020162
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: A M Ghatage
Publisher: Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute
Publication Year: 1996
Total Pages: 430
Language: Prakrit, English
Classification: Dictionary
File Size: 22 MB

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grammatical rules which have given rise to the hope of The device used to arrange the words is equally finding old grammars of Prakrit written in Prakrit simple which explains the limitations placed on the itself, as is the case with the Pali language. But cho.ce of words. Synonyms which number many but in both cases the expectation is not justified. In the not exceeding a gatha are given first, then those which earliest exegetical works in AMg and Pro-canonical can be accomodated in one line, or one carana or the works in JS. and more particularly in the soc:lled fourth part of a gātrā, two lines of which are divided into Nijjuttis and Bhasas, where such bits of statements occur. two parts each of unequal length. The list is concluded those are due to the tradition of these works to explain with words with their meanings in a single word. the texts in a peculiar manner. Of the various d. vices It can be easily imagined that such a plan would give used to elucidate the meanings of the sacred texts, there very little scope both for the number of words to be is one called egaphas i. e. giving words all of which included and the explanations to be given for them have the same meaning. As the idea is to classify Hence its use for a Prakrit lexicographer is very little. the concept which underlies a word more than its exact senso, these bits of Pgatths are built on a
On the other hand the Desinamamalá of Hemavery loose idea of synonyms and a collection of carda is of capital importance for Prakrit lexicography. words is put together to include as many aspects of
of While the lat-sima and cad bhana words of Prakrit are the concept as possible, which can hardly be called a
easily identified with their Sanskrit coun'erparts and Kosa as usually understood in Ancient Indian literature.
ofler no difficulty of explanation, the socalled Desi A fairly evolved example of this can be seen at the words, which occur throughout the Prakrit literature, beginning of cach chapter of the late caropical book are entenatic as regards their source. and often their Panhāvāyaranās. In the very first chapter we come
mearing cannot be decided, when not extensively used. across the word pānivaha and its 30 dames like Hemacandra has devoted one Kosa of his to collect and pänivahain, ummülana surirão, avisambho his whi. explain this stock of words in his work originally called ind, kiccuin, yhäyunā, mārā, vahana, waldharuna, Rayanivuli but repamed by its first editor R. Piscbel tivāyaṇā, āruinblue-rumärambhu etc. called yomāni
as Dosinamamālā as being more expressive of its nature. nāmāns. The Nijjutti on the Süyagad gives purely
It consists of eight chapters called w.rgos based on the phonetic variants of its name as: toss yn imāņi nämüm
division of the alphabet into groups according to a nonsuttagadan, sultakadam, suyugadain Ofw gounā 2.
gram na ical astrological tradition of India
1752715/09far s at siggisitar 272. This tions of synonyms and a modern work called Elānha divides the alphabet into vowels from 4104, k1.094, košu puts them together. In spite of the usefuiress of cara, -vr:2, ta-vuryt pa-norm, and ya wrgu. such passages, they can hardly be called Kolas or excerpts
Hem candra has split the last one into two, the first trom Kosis in the usual sense of the term as seen in a conta ningy. 1, 1, and v. the second &. 8. #and h. very large number of works in Sanskrit bevinning with Naturally the Desi words do not show the sounds the work of smara. Real kośas in this sense are cnly
vis ir ja, das Is i, i and y initially sind hence they are two, Dhanapala's Pājalucchinäinmälä and Ribavili not necessary for arranging the words on the basis of (later known by the name Deštnāmamala) of Hema- their pitial sounds. He remarks 7717771 2174faa candra. The first is a small work of 279 gather and a faci . 208; HET AT S41 at 16174: deals with nearly a thousand words in Prakrit containing squap. 236; 197 gt 7 449 ft araz: mostly buscS and laubhavis along with a few Desiguap 313 Besides arranging the words in the alphawords. The author tells us at the end of the work that betical order of the first syllable be further arranges them he composed it in Vs. 1329 and mentions a famous according to the number of syllables they contain, i. e. incident which occurred in that year, viz. the town of as having two three, four or five syllables in each Mänyakheta was attacked and looted by the king of group and this is again repeated twice on the consi Malavä. The author himselt lived in Dhara and wrote deration, wheth:r they are having single meaning his Kośa for his sister Surdarī He also indirectly gives or miny (ekintha, aurkartha ) Thr: ekartha group bis name in a line by the simple device of listing words, naturally includes words baving the same meaning, the end-syllables of which make up his name hanavala, a synonymous Koga, while the other is a polvsemous The choice of the words is made on the basis of Kosa. This brings bis classification in conformity with their usefulness for writing poetry. It is obvious that the basic division of the Sanskrit Kosz werksHemahe wants his work to be considered as an aid to poets, candr bas put together as many as 6000 words of this which thus belongs to the genre called Kavisiksa.
Dature in 783 stapzas.