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The Doctrines of the Jainas
55
in a certain activity; Pradeshabandha-regulating the quantity of particles of each variety; Sthitibandha-fixing the duration of a particular particle; and Anubhaga. bandha-regulating the intensity in fruit of a particular particle.
Yoga (the activity of mind, speech and body) and Kasaya (passions) are the means effecting this bondage. The first two bandhas are regulated by Yoga and the latter two by Kasasa. The number and nature of the particles to be accumulated are fixed according to the disturbance caused by the Yoga, and the enduring period as well as the intensity in fruit is fixed according to the degree of the passions. In the 13th stage the passions are destroyed completely. Still the Karmic influx continues, owing to the activities or the Yogas. But the particles accumulated in that stage are without the capacity of giving fruit or enduring for a period on account of their not being accompanied by passions.
An activity is either beneficial or harmful. Beneficial activity is not induced by passions. The Karmic accumulation resulting from it does not give bitter fruit. On the other hand, harmful activity causes such accumulation as puts the soul to suffering and miseries. Both types of activity are known as Ashrava, meaning the influx of Karman. It has five types: Mithyatva (wrong attitude), Avirati (indiscipline), Pramada (negligence), Kasaya (passions) and Yoga (three types of activity).
One has to refrain from all five types of Asrava to check the Karmic influx. This checking is called Samvara. The aspirant aiming at complete freedom from Karmic bondage has to stop the new influx, as well as to work
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