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CRAFT OE 11-ARITHMETICAL OPBRATIONS
f.
CHAPTER II.
ARITHMETICAL OPERATIONS.
The First Subject of Treatment. Hereafter we shall expound the first subjoot of treatment, which is named Parikarman.
Multiplication. The rule of work in relation to the operation of multiplication, which is the first (among tho parikarman operations), is as follows:
1. After placing (tbo multiplicand and the multiplier one below the other) in the manner of the hinges of a door, the multiplicand should be multiplied by the multiplier, iu Avoordance with (oither of) the two methods of normat (or) rosvorse working, by adopting the process of (i) dividing the multiplicand and multiplying the multiplior by a factor of the multiplicand, (ii) of dividing the multiplier and multiplying the multiplicand
1. Symbolically expressed, this role works out thun:
In multiplying al by ed, the product in (1) 90 * (a xed), or (ii) (ab xe)x d; or (lii) ab * cd. Obvionsly the object of the first two devices here is to facilitate working through the choiou of suitable factors.
Tbe anuloma or normal method of working in the ope that is generally followed. The viloma or the reverse method of working is as follows:
To multiply 19:18 by 37:
1998
27
a -
x 9
8x8
7x1 = 7x9 =
7 9 * 7*8 =
8
9
4
6
