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struggle successfully, and that it is achieved only when one conquers one's lower self and the dreadful Karmas. Thc Ratta queens and princesses were not lacking in this spirit also, some of them'outshining their lords in the observance of the religious piety. King Shantivarma's queen Chandakabbe was an ardent worshipper of the Lord Jina'. She pcrsuaded her husband to build a very beautiful temple and granted a picce of land for it. In fact the Jina Temples of the time were great centres of religious training and secular education and an abode of shelter for the poor and needy. The Jain gurus living in them imparted useful education to the laity and iustructed the religious-minded persons in the observance of the vows of piety. Some of them adopted the observances of the layman, and others, whose heroic spirits were strong cnough, took to the greater vows of the Nirgrantha sramana. All the four Kinds of Dana (charity), that is to say Abhaya (shelter), Ahara (food), Bhesaja(medicine) and fnana (Knowledge) were frecly distributed from the pavilions of the Jina temples". To cause a temple to be built at the time was simply to provide pure, and delicious food for body as well as spirit
1. Altekar, The Rashtrakutas, p. 273. ? Br. Sitalapras:ıda, Bombor Pmnta Ke Pucina
Jain Smarka (Hindi). p. Sā. 3. JBBRAS, X. 237.
