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666
GITĀ-RAHASYA OR KARMA-YOGA
in the life after death, or consider it as inferior. These are merely Materialistic names; and their way of criticising is also a purely Materialistic way. Therefore, the majority of the persons who have read the books of such Western writers think that Morality or Ethics has not been dealt with in any work in Sanskrit literature. The most profound philosophy in India is the Vedānta philosophy; and if one considers our modern Vedānta works, they are seen to be principally indifferent about worldly affairs. Then, how can we find in them any consideration of Karma-Yoga or of Ethics? This subject-matter cannot be dealt with in books on Grammar, or on Logic; and in the Smrti texts, one cannot find anything more than a code of religious precepts. Therefore, it is the common belief of many persons, that our ancient writers, being steeped in the deep contemplation of Release, have forgotten to deal with the subject-matter of Morality or Ethics. This misunderstanding will be removed if one carefully considers the Mahābhārata or the Gītā. But, as the Mahābhārata is a very extensive work, it is very difficult to read the whole of it and to give careful thought to the subject-matter in it; and although the Gitā is small, yet, there is a strong belief, that it deals only with the question of Release, on account of the doctrine-supporting commentaries on it. But no one has taken the trouble to think that the Path of Samnyāsa and the Path of Karma-Yoga were both in vogue in India from Vedic times; that the numbers following the Path of Karma-Yoga were a thousand times greater than of those following the Path of Samnyāsa; and that the great and noble persons, whose lives have been described in the Purānas, were supporters of Karma-Yoga. Then, was not even one of these persons. inclined to vindicate the Path of Karma-Yoga followed by him ? If it is said that there are no works on Karma-Yoga, because all Spiritual Knowledge is confined to the Brahmin caste, and the Vedāntist Brahmins are apathetic towards Action, that statement too would be incorrect. Because, in the times of the Upanisads, and also afterwards, there were Jñanins like Janaka and Sri Krsna among the Ksatriyas; and even learned Brahmins like Vyäsa, have written the biographies of great Ksatriyas. In writing these biographies, would.