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range of the vegetable kingdom, are known as fivas belonging to the Sthâvara class. Symptoms of life in these Sapran Sthavar ( सप्राण ) or living fixtures consist, amongst other phenomena, in responsiveness which evidently involve memory as displayed in the mental activity of feeling, cognition and re-cognition
(ii) Tras Fivas-are those who have the power of locomotion and are grouped into four kinds according to the nature and number of the sense-organs they are possessed of. The four kinds of Tras Fivas Tras,
are ;
(a) those that have the organs of touch and taste, (स्पर्शेन्द्रिय and रसेन्द्रिय ) e.g., leeches,
worms, etc.
(b) those that have three organs such as touch, taste_and_smell, (स्पर्शेन्ट्रिय, रसेन्द्रिय
and f) e.g., ants, lice, etc.
(c) those that have organ of sight ( नयनेन्द्रिय ) in addition to the above three organs, e.g, bees, scorpions, etc.—
(d) and, lastly, those that have all the above four organs in addition to that of the hearing (f) This last kind of
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(2) The Tras.
The four kinds of the
