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SAMADHI IN BUDDHISM
all sila and samadhi-the ultimate knowledge of truth. These are the threefold teachings of Buddha which are comprehensive enough to include the eightfold path In verse after verse and in passage after passage in Nikayas and Dhammapada the glory of the threefold teaching has been sung. Top priority is given to these teachings because it is only through these three means that the Jiva can get rid of the entangle ment of Tanha (attachment) which is entangling him from time immemorial The following verses of Samyukta Nikaya can give a glimpse of the importance given to them by Buddha when Buddha was asked by a deva
अन्तो जटा बहि जटा,
eta afce9511 संत गोतम पुच्छामि,
____ व्यो इम विनव्ये जाति ? The reply which Buddha gives immediately ·
सीले पतिदुयो नरो सपनो,
चितं पायं च भाषयं । मातापी निपको मिल्खु,
at i farece copii This small reply given by Buddha indicates the relevance of sila, samadhi and Papna for the removal of embroilment of Tanha The threefold teachings together constitute the path of purity. The importance of this had not been overlooked by later thinkers too These two verses of Samyukta Nikaya were given to Buddhaghosa for explanation to test his knowledge and Buddhaghosa beyond the expectation of his enquirers gave a superb presentation of his knowledge in his famous work “Visuddhimagga" (The path of Purity), which almost has no parallel In the three parts of his visuddhimaggo he deals separately with the threefold teachings of Buddha (Trisiksa).
In the second part of Visuddhımagga he has very elaborately and distinctly discussed Samadhi or concentration, its meaning, its implications, classification etc in great detail. Having established oneself in morality or good conduct, cleansed by qualities such as limiting of desires and detachment with life, one should develop concentration or Samadhi-the discipline of mind.
Discipline of mind is of supreme imporatnce it is important from the spiritual point of view, but it is no less important from the worldly standpoint too We behold in our everyday life that it is because of our fickle-mindedness that the numberless problems arise We are socially and politically disturbed, because we are mentally disturbed. It is because of our disturbed mind that the external world
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