Tattva Kaumudi

SR No.: 010561
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Oriental Book Agency Poona
Publisher: Oriental Book Agency Poona
Total Pages: 329
Language: Hindi, Sanskrit
Classification: Book_Devnagari
File Size: 19 MB

Page 156

18
Avita, the negative Inference defined
(38) Of these two, the Avita is also called 'S'esavat, Inference, A posteriori.-S'eṣa' is that which remains, the residue; hence that Inference is 'S'eṣavat' which has this residue for its object. This has been thus described (in the Nyāyabhāṣya on 1, 1. 5)—The S'eṣavat Inference is that in which, with regard to an object, some of the likely properties being denied and eliminated, and there being no likelihood of their belonging to some others, we have the Cognition of that which remains (undenied and uneliminated)'. An example of this negative Avita will be cited later on (under Kārikā 9, Para 70).
TATTVA-KAUMUDI
Two kinds of Víto
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(39) The Vita Inference is of two kinds-(1) The Purvavat, A Priori, and (2) the Samanyatoḍrsta, 'Based on general observation.' Of these the first Purvavat, has for its object that universal' of which a specific individual' has been perceived; the term 'Purvavat (contained in the name 'Purvavat') means well-known,-i. e. that 'universal' of which the specific individual' has been perceived:-and that Inferential Cognition of which such a 'universal' is the object is called Purvavat'; e. g. when, from the presence of Smoke, we infer the presence of the particular 'Universal' Fire in the Hill; and in this case this Universal' Fire is one of which a 'specific individual', in the shape of a particular Fire, has been previously perceived in the kitchen.-The second form of Vita Inference is the Sāmānyatodṛṣṭa, which is the inferential Cognition having for its object a 'universal' of which a specific individual' has not been perceived; e. g. when we have an Inferential Cognition of the sense-organ; what is inferred in this case is the fact of the Cognition of colour and such things being brought about by the instrumentality of an organ [i. e. 'there must be an organ by the instrumentality whereof the Cognition of Colour, or of Touch, has been brought about'];-though of
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