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THE KUPPUSWAMI SASTRI RESEARCH INSTITUTE,
MADRAS.
PREFATORY NOTE
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The following pages embody the text of Âtmatattvaviveka by Udayanāchārya, its commentaries by S'ankara Miśra and Raghunātha S'iromaņi and the annotations on Raghunātha's commentary by S'rīrāma Tarkālankāra.
The place of Atmatāttvaviveka, otherwise known as Bauddhādhikāra or Bauddhadhikkāra, is unique in the history of Indian Philosophy. Udayana was one of the greatest philosophers India has ever produced, and all his writings bear upon them the stamp of his pxtraordinary genius and controversial acumen. His
tmatattvaviveka and Nyāyakusumāñjali are two rilliant attempts in defence of the orthodox Naiyāika's position in regard to the doctrines of Self and od against the attacks of the heretics.
The greatest assailants of the theory of Self being the Buddhists, the former work concerns itself with a
ormal enunciation and refutation of their views in this connection. The theories of Perpetual Flux and those of Ideas and Universal Void have been dealt with n a truly polemic spirit.The latter tract however is directed against the non-theistic systems of Chārvāka, Sānkhya, Mimānsā, Bauddha and Jaina. We have already observed in our Introduction to Varadarāja's Commentary, called Bodhani, on the Kusumāñjali, that the age in which Udayana flourished was one of ntense conflict among the various schools of philo sophical and religious thought. Of all the concepts which wore attacked by the opponents those of the