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Tattvartha Sutra
CHAPTER-5
AJIVKAYA DHARMADHARMAKASHPUDGALAH 5-1 Within the Universe (space) there are soul and matter. Both space and matter are non-sentient 'entities.' Matter is governed by the medium of motion and the medium of rest. These mediums are also non-sentient. Let us take the analogy of a fish in its' bowl. The fish is the 'life,' the bowl is space and the water provides the medium of motion.
The medium of motion helps the movements of material objects and matter. The Lokakasa itself (the universe) has no motion but the force of motion is present in the Universe. The medium of motion is invisible and has no consciousness or knowledge.
The medium of rest is a latent force and it enables matter to be inanimate. It is also invisible and has no consciousness or knowledge.
The space or universe encompasses the two entities. it is one and whole.
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DRAVYANI JIVASCH 5-2
Collectively, souls (or sentient beings), space, matter and the mediums of motion and rest are called substances.
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JIVA
SUBSTANCES
Tattvartha Sutra
AJIVA
T
Medium of motion Medium of rest Space
Matter
(Pudgala)
Matter has
touch, taste, smell and colour
These substances are eternal and they go through innumerable changes and they cannot be destroyed. Souls and matter are infinite in number and they are able to move(have motion). The mediums of motion, rest and space are entities and unlike soul and matter they are singular in nature.
PAERASPAROPGRAHO JIVANAM 5-21
= Souls help each other and are interdependent.
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LOKAKASHEAVAGAHH 5-12
= The four substances: The mediums of rest and motion (as distinct from rest and motion itself), soul and matter are situated in space - loka.