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•
Eternal persistence or identity / essence / invariance (Agurulaghutva) i.e. an attribute which prevents the substance and its attributes from leaving its substance hood or attributes, e.g. sugar even if mixed with poison does not leave its nature of being sweet.
Generic attributes which are found in more than one substance types: • Insentient e.g. matter, space, time etc except living beings. • Non-concrete e.g. all substance types except matter.
Specific attributes, specific to a particular substance type are as follows: • Living beings: Knowledge, intuition, conduct, bliss, energy etc. • Pudgala: Touch, taste, odour, colour or from etc. • Dharma: Supports motion
Adharma: Supports rest
Space: Provide space to stay / exist. • Time:
Supports change/transformation
We thus conclude discussion on substances as per Jain philosophy. For further details the texts Kundakunda's Pamcāstikāya with commentaries; Nemicandra's Dravya Samgraha with commentaries; Kundakunda's Pravacanasāra, Part I with commentary, Pamcādhyāyī by Pt. Rājmal and Umāsvāmi's Tattvārtha-sūtra are recommended.
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STUDY NOTES version 5.0
