Vinaya Texts

SR No.: 007684
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: T W Rhys Davids, Hermann Oldenberg
Publisher: Oxford
Publication Year: 1881
Total Pages: 2523
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 47 MB

Page 468

UPANISHADS.
while Buddhism is in many respects the doctrine of the Upanishads carried out to its last consequences, and, what is important, employed as the foundation of a new social system. In doctrine the highest goal of the Vedânta, the knowledge of the true Self, is no more than the Buddhist Samyaksambodhi; in practice the Sannyâsin is the Bhikshu, the friar, only emancipated alike from the tedious discipline of the Brâhmanic student, the duties of the Brâhmanic householder, and the yoke of useless penances imposed on the Brâhmanic dweller in the forest. The spiritual freedom of the Sannyâsin becomes in Buddhism the common property of the Sangha, the Fraternity, and that Fraternity is open alike to the young and the old, to the Brâhman and the Sadra, to the rich and the poor, to the wise and the foolish. In fact there is no break between the India of the Veda and the India of the Tripitaka, but there is an historical continuity between the two, and the connecting link between extremes that seem widely separated must be sought in the Upanishads ?.
F. MAX MÜLLER. OXFORD, February, 1884.
1 As there is room left on this page, I subjoin a passage from the Abhidharma-kosha-vyakhyâ, ascribed to the Bhagavat, but which, as far as style and thought are concerned, might be taken from an Upanishad : Uktam hi Bhaga. vatâ: Prithivi bho Gautama kutra pratishthitâ ? Prithivi Brâhmana abmandale pratishthità. Abmandalam bho Gautama kva pratishthitam? Vậyau pratishthitam. Vâyur bho Gautama kva pratishthitah? Akâse pratishthitah. Akasam bho Gautama kutra pratishthitam? Atisarasi Mahâbrâhmana, atisarasi Mahâbrahmana. Akasam Brâhmanâpratishthitam, anâlambanam iti vistarah. Tasmâd asty âkâsam iti Vaibhashikâh. (See Brihad-Âr. Up. III, 6, 1. Burnouf, Introduction à l'histoire du Buddhisme, p. 449.)
For it is said by the Bhagavat: "O Gautama, on what does the earth rest ?" “The earth, O Brâhmana, rests on the sphere of water." "O Gautama, on what does the sphere of water rest?” “It rests on the air." "O Gautama, on what does the air rest?" "It rests on the ether (âkâsa)." "O Gautama, on what does the ether rest ?" "Thou goest too far, great Brahmana; thou goest too far, great Brâhmana. The ether, O Brâhmana, does not rest. It has no support." Therefore the Vaibhâshikas hold that there is an ether,' &c.
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