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488
EXTANT FRAGMENTS.
fargards of the Bako (Nask III), with the Hôm and Srôsh Yasts, extracted probably from the Bakânyast (Nask XIV), and the greater part of the Atas and Åbân Nyâyises; the whole collection being provided with an introductory and concluding ritual, compiled from other sources, to form the complete ceremonial liturgy of the present Yasna.
There appears to be no sufficient evidence, either internal or external, for ascribing this collection of the liturgy to so late a date as the end of the ninth century, when the compilation of the Dinkard was completed. It is therefore safer, for the present, to assume that the Stôd-yast existed for a long period as a separate Nask (the form described by the Dinkard), even after the greater part of its text had been incorporated with others to form the collected liturgy now known as the Yasna.
Besides the fragments which are specially attributed to particular Nasks, there are also a few writings which closely resemble the Nasks, or their fragments, in general character, but which can hardly be traced to their actual source by means of the accounts given in the Dinkard. Thus, the Aogemadaêkâ might perhaps be supposed to have been extracted from the Baris (see Dk. VIII, Chap. IX, 18), if it did not contain a few Avesta quotations from the Yasna, Vendidâd, and Yasts. While the quotations from the Ashem-staota, given in Vig. pp. 89, 90, 125–129, 177, 178, are difficult to trace, owing to the name of their source.
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