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THE LI Kİ.
first rectified their hearts. Wishing to rectify their hearts, they first sought to be sincere in their thoughts. Wishing to be sincere in their thoughts, they first extended to the utmost their knowledge.
3. The extension of knowledge is by the investigation of things1.
4. Things being investigated, their knowledge became complete. Their knowledge being complete, their thoughts were sincere. Their thoughts being sincere, their hearts were then rectified. Their hearts being rectified, their persons were cultivated. Their persons being cultivated, their families were regulated. Their families being regulated, their states were rightly governed. Their states being rightly governed, the whole kingdom was made tranquil and happy.
BK. XXXIX.
From the son of Heaven down to the multitudes of the people, all considered the cultivation of the person to be the root (of everything besides). It cannot be, when the root is neglected, that what should spring from it will be well ordered. It never has been the case that what was of great importance has been slightly cared for, and at the same time what was of slight importance has been greatly cared for 2.
'There is great difficulty in determining the meaning of this short sentence. What Kǎng and Khung Ying-tâ say on it is unsatisfactory. Kû introduces a long paragraph explaining it from his master Khăng;-see Chinese Classics, vol. i, pp. 229, 239.
Here ends the first chapter of the Book according to the arrangement of Ku Hsî. He says that it is the words of Confucius, handed down by 3ăng-zze,' all the rest being the commentary of 3ăng-zze, recorded by his disciples. The sentiments in this chapter are not unworthy of Confucius; but there is no
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