________________
348
THE LÎ xi.
BK. XXIX.
man is. Hence when right ways prevail in the kingdom, the branches and leaves (from the stem) of right conduct appear; but when there are not right ways in the kingdom, the branches and leaves of (mere) words appear.
'In accordance with this, when a superior man is by the side of one occupied with the mourning rites, and cannot contribute to assist him in his expenditure, he does not ask him what it is; when he is by the side of one who is ill, and cannot supply him with food, he does not ask what he would like ; when he has a visitor for whom he cannot provide a lodging, he does not ask where he is staying. Hence the intercourse of a superior man may be compared to water, and that of a small man, to sweet wine. The superior man seems insipid, but he helps to perfection; the small man seems sweet, but he leads to ruin. It is said in the Hsiao Ya (II, v, ode 4, 3), “He trusts the rogues that lie and sneak,
And make things worse ; Their duties shirked, their words so meek
Prove but a curse.” 48. The Master said ?, •The superior man does not confine himself to praising men with his words ; and so the people prove loyal to him. Thus, when he asks about men who are suffering from cold, he clothes them; or men who are suffering from want, he feeds them; and when he praises a man's good qualities, he (goes on to) confer rank on him. It
1 With this commences the 7th section of the Book, but it commences irregularly with the Master said,' instead of 'The words of the Master were;' see note above, on page 344.
Digitized by Google