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FANG XI.
295
mission to the service of elders :-showing the people that they ought not to be double-minded. Hence a superior man, while his ruler is alive, should not take counsel about taking office (in another state). It is only on the day of his consulting the tortoise-shell (about such a thing) that he will mention two rulers'.'
'The mourning for a father lasts for three years, and that for a ruler the same time:-showing the people that they must not doubt (about the duty which they owe to their ruler).
'While his parents are alive, a son should not dare to consider his wealth as his own, nor to hold any of it as for his own private use:-showing the people how they should look on the relation between high and low. Hence the son of Heaven cannot be received with the ceremonies of a guest anywhere within the four seas, and no one can presume to be his host. Hence, also, when a ruler goes to a minister's (mansion) he goes up to the hall by the (host's) steps on the east and proceeds to the place (of honour) in the hall: showing the people that they should not dare to consider their houses their own.
BK. XXVII.
'While his parents are alive, the gifts presented to a son should not extend to a carriage and its team :showing the people that they should not dare to monopolise (any honours).
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All these usages were intended to keep the people from transgressing their proper bounds; and yet there are those who forget their parents, and are doubleminded to their ruler.'
31. The Master said, 'The ceremony takes place before the silks (offered in connexion with it) are
1 The translation here is according to a view appended by the Khien-lung editors to the usual notes on the sentence.
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