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250
THE LÎ xi.
BK. XXII.
the sombre and contracting course). The ti showed the former in its fullest development, and the khang showed the latter in the same. Hence it is said, “There is nothing more important than the ti and khang. Anciently, at the ti sacrifice, they conferred rank, and bestowed robes ;-acting according to the idea in the bright and expanding (course); and at the khang they gave out fields and homesteads, and issued the rules of autumnwork ;-acting according to the idea in the sombre and contracting course). Hence it is said in the Record, 'On the day of the khang sacrifice they gave forth (the stores of) the ruler's house;' showing how rewards (were then given). When the plants were cut down, the punishment of branding might be inflicted. Before the rules of autumn-work were issued, the people did not dare to cut down the grass.
25. Hence it is said that the ideas in the ti and khang are great, and lie at the foundation of the government of a state ; and should by all means be known. It is for the ruler to know clearly those ideas, and for the minister to be able to execute (what they require). The ruler who does not know the ideas is not complete, and the minister who cannot carry them into execution is not complete.
Now the idea serves to direct and help the aim, and leads to the manifestation of all virtue. Hence he whose virtue is the completest, has the largest aims; and he whose aims are the largest, has the clearest idea. He whose idea is the clearest, will be most reverent in his sacrifices. When the sacrifices (of a state) are reverent, none of the sons and grandsons within its borders will dare to be irreverent. Then the superior man, when he has a sacrifice, will
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