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BK. XXII.
KÎ THUNG.
245
'The first and greatest teaching is to be found in sacrifice.'
13. In sacrifice there is a recognition of what belongs to ten relationships'. There are seen in it the method of serving spiritual Beings; the righteousness between ruler and subject; the relation between father and son; the degrees of the noble and mean; the distance gradually increasing between relatives; the bestowment of rank and reward; the separate duties of husband and wife; impartiality in government affairs; the order to be observed between old and young; and the boundaries of high and low. These are what are called the (different duties in the) ten relationships.
14. The spreading of the mat and placing on it a stool to serve for two, was intended as a restingplace for the united spirits (of husband and wife)". The instruction to the blesser in the apartment and the going out to the inside of the gate, was the method pursued in (seeking) communion with the spirits.
15. The ruler went to meet the victim, but not to meet the representative of the dead;-to avoid misconstruction. While the representative was outside
Zottoli :-'Sacrificium habet decem sensus.' Callery:- Les sacrifices renferment dix ordres d'idées.'
⚫ The reason given for this practice is peculiar. While alive,' says Khăn Hâo, 'every individual has his or her own body, and hence in the relation of husband and wife, there are the separate duties to be discharged by each; but when they are dead, there is no difference or separation between their spiritual essences (*), and one common stool for support is put down for them both.' Is there any truth that these Chinese speculators are groping after?
See vol. xxvii, page 444, paragraph 18.
It was not for the ruler to go to meet one who was still a
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