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BOOK XVII. YO KI
OR RECORD OF MUSIC".
SECTION I. I. All the modulations of the voice arise from the mind, and the various affections of the mind are produced by things (external to it). The affections thus produced are manifested in the sounds that are uttered. Changes are produced by the way in which those sounds respond to one another; and those changes constitute what we call the modulations of the voice. The combination of those modulated sounds, so as to give pleasure, and the direction in harmony with them of the) shields and axes?, and of the plumes and ox-tails?, constitutes what we call music.
2. Music is (thus) the production of the modulations of the voice, and its source is in the affections of the mind as it is influenced by (external) things.
* See the introductory notice, vol. xxvii, pages 32-34.
? There was a pantomimic exhibition of scenes of war, in which the performers brandished shields and axes; and another of scenes of peace, in which they waved plumes and ox-tails. What I have rendered by the modulations of the voice' is in the text the one Chinese character yin ( ), for which Callery gives "air musical,' and which Kăng Hsüan explains as meaning the five full notes of the scale.' See the long note of Callery prefixed to this record, concluding :- La musique Chinoise, telle que l'ont entendue les anciens, avait tous les caractères d'une représentation théatrale ayant pour but de parler tout à la fois aux yeux, aux oreilles, à l'esprit, et au coeur.'
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