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APPENDIX IV.
Supplementary to the Thwan and Yao on the first and second
Hexagrams, and showing how they may be interpreted of man's nature and doings.
SECTION I. KHIEN. Chapter I. 1. What is called (under Khien) 'the great and originating' is in man) the first and chief quality of goodness; what is called the penetrating' is the assemblage of excellences; what is called the advantageous' is the harmony of all that is right; and what is called the correct and firm' is the faculty of action.
2. The superior man, embodying benevolence, is fit to preside over men; presenting the assemblage of excellences, he is fit to show in himself the union of all propriety; benefiting (all) creatures, he is fit to exhibit the harmony of all that is right; correct and firm, he is fit to manage (all) affairs.
3. The fact that the superior man practises these four virtues justifies the application to him of the words— Khien represents what is great and originating, penetrating, advantageous, correct and firm.'
The title of this Appendix is in Chinese the Wăn Yen Kwan, The Record of Wån Yen;' and according to the analogy of the titles of the three Appendixes that follow, Wăn should perform the part of a verb and Yen that of a substantive. So the characters are usually taken, and to Wån is given the meaning of 'Explaining (Shih);' and to Yen that of Words or Sentences,' meaning the Thwan of king Wăn, and the Yão of the duke of Kâu on the first two hexagrams. The document treats of these,
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