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CHAPTER XLVII, 8-XLVIII, 2.
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11. When, too, they are publishing accusing statements, one about the other, from necessity, or from the violence which is owing to the adversary!, it is important to become an excuser as regards them, and not a diminisher of their share, nor a bringer (âkh târ) of unhealthiness to their united strength.
CHAPTER XLVIII. 1. The forty-seventh question is that which you ask thus: How is a liking for the desirableness, joy, and pleasure arising from the sacred ceremony (yazisn) friendly to Adharmazd, the archangels?, and the guardian spirits of the righteous?; in what manner is the perfection of him by whom the ceremony is ordered and the people of the country then exalted by them; and how and in what manner does it become the vexation, defeat, anguish, and discomfort of the evil spirit, the demons, and the fiends ? 2. How is the purpose of the ceremony, what is the ceremony, where is the place when they shall perform it, what is good when they shall
1 The evil spirit.
The archangels are usually reckoned as seven in number, because Adhar magd, their creator, is considered as presiding over the six others, whose names are Vohůman, Ardavahist, Shatvairo, Spendarmad, Horvadad, and Amerôdad. These names are merely corruptions of Avesta phrases meaning 'good thought, perfect rectitude, desirable dominion, bountiful devotion, health, and immortality, respectively, and the archangels, or immortal benefactors, are personifications of these ideas. They are said to have been the first creatures created, after the guardian spirits or prototypes of creation, the light, and the sky (see Bd. I, 8, 23-26). See Chap. II, 5.
• Or gas may mean time.'
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