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THE SHÔ KING.
CHAPTER III. ON THE CHRONOLOGY OF CHINA, AND THE PRINCIPAL
ERAS IN THE SHU. 1. I do not enter here on the subject of the chronology of China further than is necessary to show that there is no chronological difficulty in the way of our accepting the documents of the Shů, which I have just specified, as being possessed of the antiquity ascribed to them.
The Shd itself does not supply the means of laying down No detailed any scheme of chronology for the long period chronological of time which it covers. We learn from it that
system can be made out the dynasty of Kâu succeeded to that of
from the Shd. Shang (another name for which was Yin), and the dynasty of Shang to that of Hsia, and that prior to Yü, the founder of the Hsia, there were the reigns of Shun and Yao. As P. Gaubil has observed, 'If we had only the Sha King, we should have but confused ideas of the time comprised in the different parts of the book.' There is nothing in this to awaken our surprise. The chronology of a nation comes to be cultivated as a science only when a necessity is felt to arrange the events of its history in regular series on the course of time.
2. It was under the Han dynasty that it was first Attempts at accupic
of attempted to construct a chronological systematic scheme of the history of the nation. For chronology began in this purpose its scholars employed the wellthe Han known cycle of sixty years, in the fifteenth period.
ve year of the seventy-sixth revolution of which I am now writing. It was assumed that this cycle was first devised by Ta-nao, an officer of Hwang Ti, in B.C. 2637, which is the first year of the first cycle. But all scholars in China, whether they call in question this origin of the cycle or not, now agree in saying that the use of the cyclic characters to chronicle years was not the ancient method, and did not begin earlier than the time of the usurper Mang (A. D. 9-22).
In the Shù itself the current cycle is used to chronicle
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