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II VALLI, 8 ANUVÂKA, 5.
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measure of the bliss of Brahman, and likewise of a great sage who is free from desires.
(5) He? who is this (Brahman) in man, and he who is that (Brahman) in the sun, both are one ?
· Cf. III, 10, 4. V : In giving the various degrees of happiness, the author of the Upanishad gives us at the same time the various classes of human and divine beings which we must suppose were recognised in his time. We have Men, human Gandharvas, divine Gandharvas, Fathers (pitaras kiralokalokah), born Gods (âgânagâ devâh), Gods by merit. (karmadevâh), Gods, Indra, Brihaspati, Pragâpati, Brahman. Such a list would seem to be the invention of an individual rather than the result of an old tradition, if it did not occur in a very similar form in the Satapatha-brâhmana, Madhyandina-sâkhâ XIV, 7,1,3r, Kânva-sâkhâ (Brih. Âr. Up. IV, 3, 32). Here, too, the highest measure of happiness is ascribed to the Brahmaloka, and other beings are supposed to share a certain measure only of its supreme happiness. The scale begins in the Mâdhyandina-sâkhâ with men, who are followed by the Fathers (pitaro gitalokâh), the Gods by merit (karmadevâh), the Gods by birth (âgânadevâh, with whom the Srotriya is joined), the world of Gods, the world of Gandharvas, the world of Pragâpati, the world of Brahman. In the Brihadaranyaka-upanishad we have Men, Fathers, Gandharvas, Gods by merit, Gods by birth, Pragâpati, and Brahman. If we place the three lists side by side, we findTAITTIRIYA-UPAN. SATAPATHA-BRÂH. BRIHADARAN.-UPAN. Men
Men
Men Human Gandharvas
(and Srotriya) Divine Gandharvas Fathers (kiraloka) Fathers (gitaloka) Fathers (gitaloka)
Gandharvas Gods by birth Gods by merit Gods by merit Gods by merit Gods by birth Gods by birth
(and Srotriya) (and Srotriya) Gods
Gods Indra
Gandharvas Brihaspati Pragâpati
Pragâpati
Pragâpati Brahman
Brahman
Brahman. The commentators do not help us much. Sankara on the Taitti
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| SR No. | 007674 |
| Book Title | Dhammapada |
| Original Sutra Author | N/A |
| Author | Max Muller |
| Publisher | Oxford |
| Publication Year | 1881 |
| Total Pages | 2540 |
| Language | English |
| Classification | Book_English |
| File Size | 45 MB |