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288
BAUDHAYANA.
III, 2.
2. He cultivates six Nivartanas (of) fallow (land); he gives a share to the owner (of the soil), or solicits his permission (to keep the whole produce).
3. Let him plough before breakfast with two bulls whose noses have not been pierced, not striking (them) with the goad, (but) frequently coaxing (them).
4. If he cultivates six Nivartanas in this manner (and subsists thereby), that is (the mode of living called) Shannivartant (subsistence on six Nivartanas).
5. (As regards the mode of subsistence called) Kauddält, he digs up (the soil) near a water(-course or tank) with a spade, a ploughshare, or a pointed piece of wood, sows seed, (and) grows bulbs, roots, fruit, pot-herbs, and vegetables.
6. (If he thus) cultivates (land) with a spade (and lives on its produce), that is the (mode of life called) Kauddált (subsistence by the spade).
7. He who lives by the (mode of subsistence called) Dhruvâ, wraps up his head in a white dress (saying), 'For the sake of welfare I wrap thee up, O head,' (and) takes the skin of a black antelope (with the words), ‘(Thou art) spiritual pre-eminence, (I take thee) for the sake of spiritual pre-eminence;' the Pavitra (reciting) the Ablinga texts; the waterpot (saying), 'Thou art strength, (I take) thee for
2. 2. A Nivartana is a measure of 4000 square hastas, the ancient equivalent of the modern Bigha.
3. Identical with II, 2, 4, 21.
6. Govinda says that according to some the following ceremonies need only be performed when one goes out begging for the first time, while others insist on their being performed daily.
7. The Manastokiya, i.e. the text beginning 'ma nas toke,'
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