________________
VIII, 24.
DOCUMENTS.
307
is (called) a writing containing a mark of royal favour.
19. That which establishes a claim, recording the four parts of a judicial proceeding and bearing the royal seal, is termed a document of success (or decree).
20. Clever forgers acquainted with place and time will make a writing similar (to the original document). Such (writings) should be examined with great care.
21. Women, infants, the suffering, and persons unacquainted with the art of writing, are deceived by their own relations fabricating documents signed with their names. Such (forgery) may be found out by means of internal evidence and legitimate titles.
22. A document executed by a madman, an idiot, an infant, one who has absconded through fear of the king, a bashful person, or one tormented by fear, is not invalidated (by an impossibility to produce its author).
23. (But, as a rule) a document executed by a dying person, an enemy, one oppressed with fear, a suffering person, a woman, one intoxicated, distressed by a calamity, at night, by fraud, or by force, does not hold good,
24. Where even a single witness entered in a deed is infamous and reproached (by the public voice), or where its writer is held in such estimation, it is called a false document.
19. Smritik., quoted by Burnell, Elements of South Indian Palaeography, p. 100.
20, 21. Viram. p. 197.
22. Vîram. P. 198. The translation follows the gloss in the Viramitrodaya. 23, 24. May. p. 20.
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