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186
NÂRADA,
XII, 103.
102. This body of laws is applicable to the offspring of unions in the direct order of the castes; the offspring of a marriage union in the inverse order of the castes is said to be (produced by) a confusion of castes.
103. There are Anantara, Ekântara, and Dvyantara sons both in the direct and inverse order of the castes.
104. (Of this description are) the Ugra, Parasava, and Nishâda, (who are begotten) in the direct order, as well as the Ambashtha, Magadha, and Kshattri, who spring from a Kshatriya woman.
105. One of these (latter castes) is begotten in the direct order, of the two (others) it must be known that they are (begotten) in an inverse order. The Kshattri and the rest are begotten in an
102. In the direct order of the castes,' i.e. where a man of higher marries a woman of lower caste. In the inverse order of the castes,' i.e. where a woman of higher marries a man of lower caste.
103-113. Manu X, 6-41; Gautama IV, 16-28; Vasishtha XVIII; Baudhayana I, 16, 6-12, 17 passim ; Vishnu XVI, 1-7; Yâgñavalkya I, 91-95.
103. An Anantara is the son of a father whose caste is only one degree higher or lower than the caste of the mother. An Ekântara is the son of a father whose caste is two degrees higher or lower than the caste of the mother. A Dvyantara is the son of a father whose caste is three degrees higher or lower than the caste of the mother. The Nepalese MS., throughout superior to the Indian MSS., reads as follows:-'103. An Ugra, Parasava, and Nishada are (begotten) in the direct order, and are declared to be the sons of Sadra women with husbands of the three higher castes. 104. Of a Brahman woman are born a Kândâla, a Sata, and a Vaidehaka; they are declared to spring in an inverse order, from their union with husbands of different caste. 105. An Ambashiha, Mâgadha, and Kshattri are the sons of a Kshatriya woman. Of these, one is born in the direct, and two are born in the inverse order. 106 a. Of a Vaisya woman, are born an Ambashtha, Yavana, and Ayogava,
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