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VISHNU.
XLI, 4.
4. Such are the crimes causing defilement.
5. The penance ordained for crimes causing defilement is the Taptakrikkhra penance (if they were committed unintentionally), or they shall be atoned for by the Krikkhrâtikrikkhra penance (if they were committed intentionally).
XLII. 1. Miscellaneous crimes are those which have not been mentioned before.
2. Having committed one out of the number of miscellaneous crimes, a prudent man should always perform a penance, by the advice of a Brâhmana, after the higher or less degree of his guilt has been ascertained.
XLIII."
1. Now follow the hells. (They are called :) 2. Tâmisra (darkness); 3. Andhatâmisra (complete darkness); 4. Raurava (place of howling); 5. Mahâraurava (place of much howling); 6. Kalasůtra (thread of time or death); 7. Mahânaraka (great hell); 8. Sañgivana (restoring to life); 9. Aviki (waveless);
XLIII. 1-22. M. IV, 88-90; Y. III, 222-224. — 34. M. XII, 76.
4. Nand. derives the term Raurava from 'ruru, a kind of serpent. But it seems preferable to connect it with the root ru, 'to howl.'
6. This hell is defined by Nand. as a kind of threshing-place, made of copper, burning hot, and measuring ten thousand Yoganas.
8. In this hell those who have perished in consequence of the tortures which they had to undergo are restored to life and tortured anew. (Nand.)
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