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[Footnote 63: From this name or title comes the Gita Govinda, a mystic erotic poem (in praise of the cow-boy god) exaltedly religious as it is sensual (twelfth century).]
[Footnote 64: VP.I. 2. 63. The 'qualities' or 'conditions' of God's being are referred to by 'goodness' and 'darkness.']
[Footnote 65: All this erotic vulgarity is typical of the common poetry of the people, and is in marked contrast to the chivalrous, but not love-sick, Bh[=a]rata.]
[Footnote 66: Compare Duncker, LII^5. p. 327, More doubtful is the identification of Nysian and Nish[=a]dan, ib. note. Compare, also, Schroeder, loc. cit. p. 361. Arrian calls (Çiva) Dionysos the (Greek: oitou dotêra ludêis) (Schwanbeck, Fig. 1.).]
[Footnote 67: This remains always as Çiva's heaven in distinction from Goloka or V[=a]ikuntha, Vishnu's heaven. Nowadays Benares is the chief seat of Civaism.]
[Footnote 68: The doctrine of the immaculate conception, common to Vishnuism and Buddhism (above, p.431), can have no exact parallel in Çivaism, for Çiva is not born as a child; but it seems to be reflected in the laughable ascription of virginity to Um[=a] (Civa's wife), when she is revered as the emblem of motherhood.]
[Footnote 69: In RV. v. 41. 4, the Vedic triad is Fire, Wind, and (Tr[=i]ta of the sky) Indra; elsewhere Fire, Wind, and Sun (above, p. 42), distinct from the triune fire.]
[Footnote 70: In the Rig Veda the three steps are never thus described, but in the later age this view is common. It is, in fact, only on the three
