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A.V.20.4
Due to the destruction of the life determining (āyusya) karma, the stoppage of the respiration of a living being and the leaving of the body subsequently is in the same realm is called death.
Q.V.20.5 A.V.20.5
How many benefits of matter are there for the empirical soul? Body, speech, mind, respiration, pleasure, misery, life and death are the benefits of the matter for the living beings.
Q.V.20.6 A.V.20.6
What is the meaning of the word upagraha in the aphorism? Here the meaning of the word upagraha is the material benefits of the matter.
Q.V.20.7 A.V.20.7
What are the material benefits of matter? One type of matter benefits the other types of matter, e.g. ash cleans the utensils and the soap cleans the clothes.
Q.V.20.8 A.V.20.8
What is the meaning of upak ra in this aphorism? Here the meaning is not just the benefit rendered but is generic as being the efficient cause in the well being or benefit of others.
ijLijki xgks thokuke-V.21 Parasparopagrahoj v n m
vFk% Meaning:
i jLij fufelk gkuk&; 9 thoka dk mi dkj gA (The function of souls is to help one another.
Q.V.21.1 A.V.21.1
What is the mutual benefit of living beings to each other? Living beings help each other, e.g. the teacher helps the disciple and the disciple serves the teacher, the servant serves the owner and the owner pays the servant for his services rendered, the monk teaches the disciples and the disciples serve the monks by behaving in an appropriate manner towards the monks.
Q.V.21.2
A.V.21.2
Even though the word upak ra is being used in this chapter, then why is the word upgraha used in this aphorism? It is so as the mutual benefits rendered by living beings to each other can cause life and death or pleasure and misery to other living beings, therefore the word upagraha is used here.
Q.V.21.3 A.V.21.3
Can a substance be of benefit to other types of substances also? The modes and attributes of one type of substance cannot leave it to enter the other type of substance. Therefore one type of substance can be the efficient cause of the benefit to other types of substances.
oruk&i fj.kke&fØ; k&i j Rokij Ros p dkyL; V.22
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